Pipe of concrete and the like



L' 'n n is armes PATENT OFFICE.

PIPE QF AND THE LIKE.

l, terrassen D. TRAM- l'ie United States, and .rt lllorth, in the county oit' of Texas, have invented and useful improvements in I een-1 ete d the like, of which the a sperilication, reference. being y; to the accompanying drawing. Concrete pipes are used for various purluding the conveying of Water, but ities resulting from expansion and contraction are great and far more serious than when metal pipes are employed. Gener l; Wmiring, metal pipes expand and theol ehanges in temperature te pipes, which have ap saine roetlicient oi expaxr and contract as muelror even morethrough variation in moisture. so that expand and. contract, under both temperature and .noisture changes, twice as inueli as me #l would under the same conditions. Further, concrete is not so strong as metalnor so well. suited to withstand the effects of expansion and contraction.

, lilith ordinary 'concrete pipes, a rigid joint results in fracture andhlealrage, very often, and besides, if slip joints are made they are quickly worn because of the coarse texture, softness and brittleness of the materal. y

Se far as applicant is aurai-@there has never been a fully sueeessful way of join ing concrete pipe sections, and for this rea-- son 'the use this otherwise highly desirA able material has been limited.

The methods of joining' east iron Water and gas pipes have reached a high degree of perfection. but these methods do not appear to be applicable to concrete pipes of ordinary character, and 'for reasons above sug gested.

My invention 'provides a. slip joint in com creto pipes of the. bell and spigot type "comnionly empli.; ed in cast metal pipes. and at the same time elimiinites, practically' all injurious 'weer of the slipping surfaces, thus making available a mei'zl'iod resemblingT that which has proved so satisfactory in metal pipes. The result is obtained by facing either the spigetbr the interior ol the bell, or both, with s `moth metal. and thus the f on methods ot joining metal pipes by amg or otherwise beeoino a 'failalild the eoncrete pipes being provided with rem Specation of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 18, 1918. Serial No. 263,029.

forcement adapted to resist the strains due to calking as Well asv other strains Common] y met. The facing may be of any suitable material but is preferably of metal which is lnot readily coi-rodible, copper being suitab e.

In' the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a side elevation, axial section, showing connected pipes.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, tion showing preferred pipe joints.

Fig. 3 is a cross section through the joint.

In these figures, A represents the body of a pipe section, B its bell and C its opposite end portion or spigot. The interior of the bell is provided With a lining band D. the face of which, at least, is preferablynot readilyl corroded, and which is rovided with outwardly projecting flanges which extend into the concrete molded about the ring and thus prevent relative longitudinal movement of the pipe and ring. At some forms used at the distance loutside the ring or band annular of greater reinforcing members `l? are embedded in the 'concrete and still farther from the axis additional concentric reinforcing members F are embedded in like manner when desired, these members varying in number and size with. the particular conditions' existing, e. g., increasing with the diameter of the pipe and the pressure to be'sustained. Longitudinal reinforcing bars G extend substantially from end to end offthe pipe section, curving outwardly into the Walls of the bell., returned by a curve Gnear the end of the bell and extending back to some distancen the bell Wall, parallel to their originalfdirection. The Walls of the telescoping'ends ofthe sections contain, if desired, lightr fabric-like metal reinforcing units, f which, like the members F, F', may have their ends Vor marginal portions overlapped, with or Without connectionv other than the concrete'in which they lie'.

The spigot end portion I of each pipe is diameter at one point than the body portion, the pipe sloping away on each side from the annular enlargement thus formed which, nearly fits the interior ofthe bell of the next section. A little farther from the end of the spigot the latter is provided with an annular' depression J to re-y ecive and hold against longitudinal slipping oal-:nni K or the like, and still yfarther from. the end is a. second annular depression J partly in A partial, axial secto receive in like manner other calking material, such as cement or lead L, The enlargement prevents the fibrous material from advancing too 'lar when pressed by the lead which is compacted in the usual way with a calking implement, and both depressions, as has been suggested, prevent undesirable movement of the material along the spigot. The strong radial force exerted by the calking material is safely resisted by the rein forcing metal. Preferably the spigot portion, especially when the walls are thin, is reinforced by bars F2, similar to the bars F, F', which resist strains of compression.

The metal lining band does not unite with the calking material but allows the latter to slip under the great strains due to yvariation in temperature and moisture, already mentioned, and no leakage is usually caused' by such adjustment no matter how often the slight movements may occur.

lret'eraly, the spigot is provided with a thin coating M of asphaltum to facilitate the sate adjusting movements and to lessen the chance of injury by the calking tool.

Obviously the facing metal might be on the spigot and the grooves -or depression might be in the bell, or both bell and spigot might have depressions. This latter construction is however less desirable, and facing the spigot makes it desirable to cover the facing metal to protect it from injury by rough handling before thesections are joined. v

It is also evident from the drawing that the :lead is a relatively narrow ring -on 1'the j spigot and that the end portions of the belli and spigot are spaced apart radially so that slight movement, in any direction, from alinement causes-a rocking on theringlwithout material effect thereonorany dangerous strain upon the concrete, oakum offering no material resistance to deflection. `Attention may be called to the fact that the spigot can be completely Withdrawn from the bell and replaced without breaking or deforming any part,-a feature especially useful in repairing.

l. A concrete pipe joint comprising a bell member having a longitudinally extending portion of its interior provided with a cylindrical hard metal, or other smooth, lining not exceeding in diameter at any point the diameter of any part nearer the'bells end,

a spigot lying in the bell, and a narrow ring of calking material compacted between said 3. In a concrete pipe joint, a cylindrical bell member havlng a longitudinal portion of its interior cylindrical and lined` with metalor` other material giving a` smootlr `surface, a smaller spigot member llying inl the bell and having an annular external depression,'and an annular body of calking material compacted between the overlapping surfaces, in anchored engagement' with the,4

spigot, and resting Ioutwardly against the lined portion of the bell.

InI testimony whereof hereunto affix my signature. j

JEFFERSON D. TRAMMELL. 

